It all comes down to what’s being measured.
Satellites like Copernicus Sentinel-3 measure land surface temperature — that’s the heat coming directly from the ground, not the air above it. And yes, it’s often hotter in the summer than what your app tells you.
📹 European Space Agency (ESA)
📸 Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data (2025), processed by ESA
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A new study shows that the Nord Stream methane leak that happened in 2022 was bigger than we thought. How much bigger? Watch our video until the end to find out.
📹 European Space Agency (ESA)
📸 Pexels, contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data (2022), processed by ESA, GHGSat, Pléiades Neo, Planet Labs PBC
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As part of a community effort, the Glacier Mass Balance Intercomparison Exercise, Glambie, has compiled all major studies using observations from a wealth of different techniques to provide an estimate of the world’s glacier mass change over the last two decades. The results, published in the journal Nature, show that ice melting from glaciers around the world is depleting regional freshwater resources and driving global sea levels to rise at ever-faster rates. The animation here illustrates the different observation methods used in the research, and Vatnajökull in Iceland as an example.
Read full story: https://www.esa.int/Applications/Observing_the_Earth/FutureEO/CryoSat/Glacier_melt_intensifying_freshwater_loss_and_accelerating_sea-level_rise
Credits: ESA/University of Zurich/Planetary Visions
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According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), global agricultural production will need to increase by 60% by 2050 to meet the food demands of the growing global population.
A new satellite called Copernicus Hyperspectral Imaging Mission for the Environment, or CHIME, is being developed to support EU policies on the management of natural resources – ultimately helping to address the global issue of food security.
CHIME will carry a unique visible to shortwave infrared spectrometer to provide routine hyperspectral observations to support new and enhanced services for sustainable agricultural and biodiversity management, as well as soil property characterisation.
CHIME is one of six Copernicus Sentinel Expansion missions that ESA is developing on behalf of the EU. The missions will expand the current capabilities of the Copernicus Space Component – the world’s biggest supplier of Earth observation data.
This video features interviews with Marco Celesti, CHIME Mission Scientist and Jens Nieke, CHIME Project Manager.
Credits: ESA – European Space Agency
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Tracking ice lost from the world’s glaciers, ice sheets and frozen land shows that Earth is losing ice at an accelerating rate. Monitoring the cryosphere is crucial for assessing, predicting and adapting to climate change.
The Copernicus Polar Ice and Snow Topography Altimeter (CRISTAL) mission will provide a full picture of the changes taking place in some of the most inhospitable regions of the world. It will carry – for the first time – a dual-frequency radar altimeter, and microwave radiometer, that will measure and monitor sea-ice thickness, overlying snow depth and ice-sheet elevations.
These data will support maritime operations in the polar oceans and contribute to a better understanding of climate processes. CRISTAL will also support applications related to coastal and inland waters, as well as providing observations of ocean topography.
CRISTAL is one of six Copernicus Sentinel Expansion missions that ESA is developing on behalf of the EU. The missions will expand the current capabilities of the Copernicus Space Component – the world’s biggest supplier of Earth observation data.
This video features interviews with Kristof Gantois, CRISTAL Project Manager and Paolo Cipollini, CRISTAL Mission Scientist.
Credits: ESA – European Space Agency
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The Arctic is experiencing disproportionately higher temperature increases compared to the rest of the planet, triggering a series of cascading effects. This rapid warming has profound implications for global climate patterns, human populations and wildlife.
The Copernicus Imaging Microwave Radiometer mission (CIMR) will provide measurements to decision makers with evidence of change and impact in the polar regions – with a focus on the Arctic.
The mission has the largest radiometer developed by ESA and will provide high-resolution measurements related to sea ice, the ocean, snow and ice-sheet surfaces. This will be crucial in understanding the evolution of the climate in the polar region.
CIMR is one of six Copernicus Sentinel Expansion missions that ESA is developing on behalf of the EU. The missions will expand the current capabilities of the Copernicus Space Component – the world’s biggest supplier of Earth observation data.
This video features interviews with Craig Donlon, CIMR Mission Scientist, Rolv Midthassel, CIMR Payload Manager, Claudio Galeazzi, CIMR Project Manager, Mariel Triggianese, CIMR Satellite Engineering and AIV Manager, and Marcello Sallusti, CIMR System Performance and Operations Manager.
In the meantime Craig has changed his role but will retain his position as Mission Scientist.
Credits: ESA – European Space Agency
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Ice is without doubt one of the first casualties of climate change, but the effects of our warming world are not only limited to ice melting on Earth’s surface. Ground that has been frozen for thousands of years, called permafrost, is thawing – adding to the climate crisis and causing serious issues for local communities.
Scientists estimate that the world’s permafrost holds almost double the amount of carbon that is currently in the atmosphere. When permafrost warms and thaws, it releases methane and carbon dioxide, adding these greenhouse gases to the atmosphere and making global warming even worse.
While permafrost cannot be directly observed from space, a lot of different types of satellite data, along with ground measurements and modelling, allow scientists to paint a picture of permafrost ground conditions.
Credits: ESA – European Space Agency
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Methane is the second most important greenhouse gas contributor to climate change after carbon dioxide. Curbing methane emissions could deliver immediate and long-lasting benefits for the climate, seeing as the gas only lingers in the atmosphere for a relatively short time.
Satellites have a really important role to play in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The Tropomi instrument onboard the Copernicus Sentinel-5P satellite is the only instrument that maps global methane concentrations every single day. This lets scientists detect hotspots for large methane sources around the world – allowing us to address the consequences of methane emissions on our climate and environment.
Credits: ESA – European Space Agency
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Thanks to ESA’s CryoSat satellite and a breakthrough way of using its data, scientists have discovered that glaciers worldwide have shrunk by a total of 2% in just 10 years, and it’s because of higher air temperatures.
Read full story: https://www.esa.int/Applications/Observing_the_Earth/FutureEO/CryoSat/CryoSat_reveals_ice_loss_from_glaciers
Credits: ESA/Planetary Visions
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In the 1980s, scientists discovered a gaping hole in Earth’s ozone layer, caused by humanmade chemicals. But what is the ozone hole? Join us to find out!
Check out the full video on the ozone hole and how we can monitor it from space: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mT15w5D6_JM
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In this week’s edition of the Earth from Space programme, we take a look at the remarkable moraine patterns of Malaspina Glacier – the largest piedmont glacier in the world – through the eyes of Copernicus Sentinel-2.
*Download the image* : https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2022/12/The_moraines_of_Malaspina
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This week’s edition of the Earth from Space programme features a rare, cloud-free Copernicus Sentinel-2 acquisition over the Norwegian archipelago of Svalbard.
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This week’s edition of the Earth from Space programme features a Copernicus Sentinel-3 image showing the scale of Britain’s heatwave as it baked in extreme temperatures in August.
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Glaciers across the globe have lost over nine trillion tonnes of ice in half a century. How will glaciers look over the coming decades? “It all depends on what humans are doing now in terms of greenhouse gas emissions:” this is the message one scientist delivered during an ESA-led expedition to the Gorner Glacier in Switzerland – one of the biggest ice masses in the Alps.
As world leaders gather for the 26th @United Nations Climate Change Conference of Parties, watch the exclusive premiere of the documentary that follows ESA astronaut Luca Parmitano, along with a team of glaciologists and climate experts, on their journey across the Alps to learn how rising global temperatures are taking their toll on glaciers.
The documentary features breathtaking scenery of the Gorner Glacier as well as interviews with climate specialists as they explain how we can monitor glaciers using both satellite data and in situ measurements.
Learn more about this expedition: https://blogs.esa.int/exploration/a-tale-of-ice-and-water/
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The Copernicus Sentinel-2 mission takes us over Zeeland – the westernmost province in the Netherlands, in this week’s edition of the Earth from Space programme.
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The Copernicus Sentinel-2 mission takes us over the Laguna San Rafael National Park, Chile, in this week’s edition of the Earth from Space programme.
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The Arctic is one of the most rapidly changing regions in the world. Diminishing sea ice, thawing permafrost and melting glaciers are all direct effects of rising global temperatures – driven by human-made emissions. Learn more about how satellites flying 800 km above our heads can help us monitor and understand the changes occurring in this remote region.
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The Copernicus Sentinel-2 mission takes us over New York City – the most populous city in the United States, in this week’s edition of the Earth from Space programme.
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Ice and snow can be a hot topic when talking about climate. The polar regions are very fragile and can tell us a lot about how Earth’s climate is changing. Andrew Shepherd of the University of Leeds is a leading climate scientist working with ESA and NASA. In this episode he explains how we can separate the effects of weather versus climate from data records and the role of space in studying changes to our planet in real-time and in the future.
Learn more: http://bit.ly/ExpeditionHome12_18YearsOld
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One of the causalities of climate change is the diminishing ice cover, affecting our planet in a number of ways. Our satellites observe the planet’s cryosphere and provide key information to understand and respond to global thawing.
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The most recent trends in sea level rise mean the low-lying Camargue region of southern France could be submerged by the sea by the end of the century.
The sea walls built along the coast in the 1980s have already been broken by the waves, as a combination of rising waters, slowly sinking landmass, and reduced amounts of sediment from the Rhone river spell trouble for this environment.
Anis Guelmami uses Copernicus Sentinel satellites to study wetlands like the Camargue, and he tells us the latest news from space.
This video is also available in the following languages:
German: https://youtu.be/FzN9VefqOjo
French: https://youtu.be/UatICtrjjX4
Italian: https://youtu.be/VA_4Y8TIBWQ
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ESA is Europe’s gateway to space. Our mission is to shape the development of Europe’s space capability and ensure that investment in space continues to deliver benefits to the citizens of Europe and the world. Check out http://www.esa.int/ESA to get up to speed on everything space related.
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Join Paxi as he explores the greenhouse effect to learn about global warming.
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The ozone layer protects life on Earth from ultraviolet radiation but it is also a powerful greenhouse gas. Satellites can provide measurements of atmospheric ozone and monitor distribution changes with the seasons.
Credit: ESA/CCI Ozone and Aerosol teams/Planetary
Visions
The physical processes causing global sea-level rise are highlighted in the animation. The main causes are thermal expansion of oceans, as they accumulate the excess heat caused by greenhouse gas emissions, the melting of ice from the ice sheets and glaciers, as well as changes in land water storage such as lakes. Regionally, sea level changes vary quite dramatically. The reasons for this are different to the global causes of sea-level changes and include changes to sea water density, influenced by salinity and temperature.
The Climate Change Initiative Open Data Portal: http://cci.esa.int
Credits: Planetary Visions
Earth from Space is presented by Kelsea Brennan-Wessels from the ESA Web-TVvirtual studios. Take a tour with Sentinel-2 to the Tian Shan mountains inChina in the 211th edition.
See also http://www.esa.int/spaceinimages/Images/2016/12/China_s_Tian_Shan_mountains to download the image.
Earth from Space is presented by Kelsea Brennan-Wessels from the ESA Web-TV virtual studios. Discover the southern Pacific Ocean island, Tongatapu, in the one hundred ninety-fourth edition.
See also http://www.esa.int/spaceinimages/Images/2016/07/Tonga to download the image.
This animation shows changes in ice volume in Antarctica, Greenland and the Arctic ocean measured by the CryoSat satellite, 2010–15. CryoSat’s readings also contribute to our knowledge of global ocean depth.
More about CryoSat:
http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Observing_the_Earth/CryoSat
Credit: ESA/CPOM/UCL/D Sandwell/Planetary Visions
Discover more about our planet with the Earth from Space video programme. In this special edition, ESA’s Josef Aschbacher joins the show to discuss the past, present and future of the Copernicus environment monitoring programme and its Sentinel satellites.
Read more about the Copernicus and the Sentinel satellites:
http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Observing_the_Earth/Copernicus