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📚 Big thanks to Dr.Byron Waldron and Srpske Bitke for working with me on this video.
🎼 Music: Epidemic Sound Filmstro
📚 Sources: Norman Davies – God’s Playground, Vol. 1: The Origins to 1795 Pat Engel – The Realm of St Stephen: A History of Medieval Hungary, 895-1526 Colin Imber – The Crusade of Varna, 1443-1445 (Crusade Texts in Translation) John Jefferson – The Holy Wars of King Wladislas and Sultan Murad: The Ottoman-Christian Conflict from 1438-1444 Samuel Astley Dunham – The History of Poland Camile Muresanu – John Hunyadi: Defender of Christendom
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📚 Sources: Doukas – Historia Byzantina, Decline and Fall of Byzantium to the Ottoman Turks, trans. H.J. Magoulias (Detroit, 1975) Ahmed Ibn Arabshah – Tamerlane or Timur the Great Amir, trans J.H Sanders (London, 1936) Johann Schiltberger – The Bondage and Travels of Johann Schiltberger in Europe, Asia and Africa 1396-1427, trans. J. Buchan Telfer (London, 1879) Beatrice Forbes Manz – The Rise and Rule of Tamerlane, (Cambridge, 1989) Justin Marozzi – Tamerlane: Sword of Islam, Conqueror of the World, (Cambridge, 2006) Hilda Hookham – Tamburlaine the Conqueror, (London, 1962) Donald Nicol – The Last Centuries of Byzantium 1261 – 1453 second edition, (Cambridge, 1993) Halil Inalcik – The Ottoman Empire – The Classical Age, 1300-1600 (London, 1973) Erik Hildinger – Warriors of the Steppe: Military History of Central Asia, 500BC – 1700AD (New York, 1997)
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🚩 Battle of Maritsa (1371) proved to be the final nail in the coffin of the Serbian Empire, built by the Nemanjic dynasty. In many ways, the Ottoman victory at Maritsa was far more important than the one at Kosovo (1389) and Nicopolis (1396), for it firmly consolidated the Sultanate’s position in Europe and acted as a springboard for future conquest.
🚩 After the Battle of Kosovo in 1389, the Christian hold over south-eastern Europe weakened greatly. The Ottoman Sultanate expanded their control and influence as far as the Danube. But now the European rulers responded. A large Christian coalition mobilized to reduce the growing Ottoman power in Europe.
🚩 I combined all parts of our Battle of Nicopolis 1396 mini-series for easier watching. This video is a great continuation on the Battle of Kosovo, 1389 video. I hope you will enjoy this one. Thank you so much for your likes and comments ❤️. If you enjoy my videos please consider subscribing.
🚩 With the decline of the Byzantine Empire, the Bulgarian and Serbian states were gradually losing their power, while the young Ottoman state began its conquest of the Balkan lands. Clashes between Ottomans and Serbs, beginning from the 1350’s, led to the gory Battle of Maritsa on 26 September 1371. Some of the powerful Serbian Principalities became vassals of the Ottoman State, while other rallied under the banner of Prince Lazar to stop the Ottomans in the battle of Kosovo…
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The Eastern Roman Empire was under constant Ottoman pressure ever since the new conquerors appeared in the Anatolia. Although the Ottomans tried to take Constantinople on a number of occasions, they had to lift the siege of the city due to the Crusades of Varna and Nicopolis, the Timurid Invasion and the battle of Ankara, and the Interregnum period that happened after their Sultan Bayezid was taken hostage by Timur. However, after the victories at the battles of Varna (1444) and 2nd Kosovo (1448) against the crusaders of Wladyslaw III and John Hunyadi, the road to Constantinople was open and the new sultan Mehmed II set his sight on the city of the Roman emperors…
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The Machinimas for this video are created by one more friend – Malay Archer. Check out his channel, he has some of the best Total War machinimas ever created: https://www.youtube.com/user/MathemedicUpdates/videos
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Our animated historical documentary series on the Ottoman history continues with the battle of Mohacs of 1526. As sultan Suleiman conquered Belgrade in 1521 and Rhodes in 1522, he was able to focus all his resources on the European expansion and his next target was the Kingdom of Hungary, which was once one of the strongest in Europe, but was in a decline. The battle of Mohacs changed the fate of Hungary for the centuries to come and opened the way for the Ottoman invasions into Europe.
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The Ottoman invasion of Europe was truly challenged for the first time during the Battle of Kosovo of 1389. The Serbs and other Balkan peoples alongside their allies from Western and Eastern Europe fought valiantly against overwhelming odds and although they lost, the foundation of the future resistance, that continued until the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, was set. This battle was also remarkable due to the fact that leaders of both armies were killed during it. Prince Lazar Hrebeljanović died in the battle and Sultan Murad I was assassinated by the Serbian knight Miloš Obilić, who was killed shortly after. All three are considered martyrs by their people and the spirit of this battle is still part of the bitter animosity…
Sources used:
John V. A. Fine; John Van Antwerp Fine (1994). The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. University of Michigan Press.
Ломоносов Матвей. Русские исторические источники Косовской битвы 1389 г.. — Пермь: Пермский госуниверситет, 2005
Inspired by: BazBattles, Invicta (THFE), Epic History TV and Historia Civilis
Songs used:
Ottoman Song – Uskudara Giderken
Dark Times – Kevin MacLeod
Magnus Ringblom – Ancient Sculptures in Church
Johannes Bornlof – Barbarians
Rannard Sillard – Deathmatch
