Cosmic radiation is considered to be the main health hazard for humans on exploration missions. Far away from the protection of Earth’s magnetic field, the radiation doses could be up to 700 times higher than on our planet.
For long-term human activity at the Moon, we need to monitor the lunar radiation environment directly.
Two sources of radiation are of concern: galactic cosmic radiation from outside the galaxy and the unpredictable but virulent charged particles coming from our own Sun.
Cosmic radiation is always there, and it is also the main source of radiation for increasing the crew’s risk of cancer in missions to the Moon and Mars. The solar events deliver a high amount of radiation in a short period of time, leading to radiation sickness, with symptoms such as nausea and fatigue.
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