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  • Flight over the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover landing site

    Flight over the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover landing site

    This video shows Jezero crater, the landing site of the @NASA Mars 2020 Perseverance rover on the Red Planet, based on images from ESA’s Mars Express mission. The planned landing area is marked with an orange ellipse.

    Scheduled for launch from Cape Canaveral, Florida on 30 July 2020 on board an Atlas V rocket, the Perseverance rover will land on 18 February 2021 in Jezero crater.

    An impact crater with a diameter of about 45 km, Jezero is located at the rim of the giant Isidis impact basin. Morphological evidence suggests that the crater once hosted a lake, some 3.5 billion years ago.

    Jezero possesses an inlet- and an outlet channel. The inlet channel discharges into a fan-delta deposit, containing water-rich minerals such as smectite clays. Scientists believe that the lake was relatively long lived because the delta may have required 1 to 10 million years to reach its thickness and size. Other studies conclude that the lake did not experience periods of important water-level fluctuations and that it was formed by a continuous surface runoff. This makes Jezero crater to a prime target for the search for potential signs of microbial life, because organic molecules are very well preserved in river deltas and lake sediments.

    A recent study of the ancient lakeshores, diverse minerals and violent volcanism of Jezero crater based on data from ESA’s Mars Express mission is available here: https://bit.ly/MarsExpressHelpsUncoverTheSecretsOfPerseveranceLandingSite

    The animation was created using an image mosaic made from four single orbit observations obtained by the High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) on Mars Express between 2004 and 2008. The mosaic combines data from the HRSC nadir and colour channels; the nadir channel is aligned perpendicular to the surface of Mars, as if looking straight down at the surface. The mosaic image was then combined with topography information from the stereo channels of HRSC to generate a three-dimensional landscape, which was then recorded from different perspectives, as with a movie camera, to render the flight shown in the video.

    Copyright:
    Animation: ESA/DLR/FU Berlin, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO
    Music: Björn Schreiner
    Soundtrack logo: Alicia Neesemann

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  • Flight Over a Rectangular Iceberg in the Antarctic

    Flight Over a Rectangular Iceberg in the Antarctic

    Can you spot the sharp-angled, rectangular iceberg? This footage (partially sped up) is from an Oct. 16, 2018 flight over the northern Antarctic Peninsula by our Operation IceBridge DC-8 aircraft. Mission Scientist John Sonntag provides commentary. More: https://go.nasa.gov/2JdEy71

    Operation IceBridge is NASA’s longest-running aerial survey of polar ice. During the survey, designed to assess changes in the ice height of several glaciers draining into the Larsen A, B and C embayments, IceBridge senior support scientist Jeremy Harbeck saw a very sharp-angled, tabular iceberg floating among sea ice just off of the Larsen C ice shelf. A photo of the iceberg (seen at right) was widely shared after it was posted on social media.

  • Fly over Neukum crater

    Fly over Neukum crater

    This movie, based on images taken by ESA’s Mars Express, showcases the 102 km wide Neukum Crater in the southern hemisphere of Mars.

    The crater is named for the German physicist and planetary scientist, Gerhard Neukum, one of the founders of ESA’s Mars Express mission who inspired and led the development of the high-resolution stereo camera on Mars Express.

    This complex impact crater has a diverse geologic history, as indicated by various features on the crater rim and floor. Particularly striking are the dark dune fields, likely made up of volcanic material blown in and shaped by strong winds.

    The crater’s shallow interior has been infilled by sediments over its history. It is also marked with two irregular depressions that may be a sign of a weaker material that has since eroded away, leaving behind some islands of more resistant material.

    Over time the crater rim has undergone varying degrees of collapse, with landslides and slumped material visible in the crater walls. Many smaller craters have also overprinted the rim and pockmarked the interior since Neukum Crater was formed, highlighting its long history.

    Neukum Crater is situated in Noachis Terra, one of the oldest known regions on Mars, dating back to at least 3.9 billion years.

    Credits: Animation: ESA/DLR/FU Berlin, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO; Music: Coldnoise, CC BY-SA 4.0 and Adrian Neesemann

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    Learn more: http://bit.ly/ESACraterNeukum

  • Fly over Mawrth Vallis

    Fly over Mawrth Vallis

    This movie, based on images taken by ESA’s Mars Express, highlights Mawrth Vallis, a 600 km-long, 2 km-deep outflow channel at the boundary of the southern highlands and the northern lowlands of Mars.

    The movie begins at the mouth of the channel in Chryse Planitia, and heads towards the apparent source region in the Arabia Terra highlands.

    The 4 billion year-old plateau is characterised by many impact craters, indicative of its great age.

    Zooming in, patches of light and dark deposits are revealed. The light-toned layered sediments are among the largest outcrops of clay minerals – phyllosilicates – on Mars. Their presence indicates the presence of liquid water in the past.

    The variety of water-bearing minerals and the possibility that they might contain a record of an ancient, habitable environment on Mars led scientists to propose Mawrth Vallis as a candidate landing site for the ExoMars 2020 mission.

    The animation is based on a colour mosaic and digital terrain model derived from data collected by the high-resolution stereo camera on Mars Express and released earlier this year.

    More info:
    http://exploration.esa.int/mars/54721-mawrth-vallis/
    http://www.esa.int/spaceinimages/Images/2016/09/Mawrth_Vallis_martian_mosaic

    Credits: ESA/DLR/FU Berlin, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO

  • Flight over Atlantis Chaos

    Flight over Atlantis Chaos

    Explore the Atlantis Chaos region of Mars, in the Red Planet’s southern hemisphere. The video showcases a myriad of features that reflect a rich geological history. The tour takes in rugged cliffs and impact craters, alongside parts of ancient shallow, eroded basins. See smooth plains scarred with wrinkled ridges, scarps and fracture lines that point to influence from tectonic activity. Marvel at ‘chaotic’ terrain – hundreds of small peaks and flat-topped hills that are thought to result from the slow erosion of a once-continuous solid plateau. This entire region may once have played host to vast volumes of water – look out for the evidence in the form of channels carved into steep-sided walls.

    Read more about this region here: http://www.esa.int/spaceinvideos/Images/2015/07/Ancient_Atlantis

    Credits: ESA/DLR/FU Berlin (CC BY-SA 3.0 IGA)

  • Flying over Becquerel crater

    Flying over Becquerel crater

    Becquerel crater is 167 km in diameter and lies in the Arabia Terra region on Mars, on the boundary between the southern highlands and northern lowlands. This movie shows the location of Becquerel crater on Mars and then provides a flyover of a mound of layered, sulphate-bearing deposits on the crater floor, thought to have formed under the influence of water. The darker material surrounding the mound is wind-blown dust from a source to the north, and provides evidence for effects of wind in eroding the sedimentary deposits.

    The movie was made from a mosaic of four individual images acquired by the High Resolution Stereo Camera on ESA’s Mars Express during orbits 3253/1, 5332, 5350 and 5368. The image is centred at about 22ºN / 352ºE. The average ground resolution is about 17 m per pixel.

    To download the raw images and dtms in GIS-ready formats, please follow this direct link to Becquerel crater on the HRSC mapserver: http://maps.planet.fu-berlin.de/?zoom=7&lat=21.12671&lon=-8.38806&layers=B0TFFFTTT

    Credit: ESA/DLR/FU Berlin, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO

    Copyright Notice:
    This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO (CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO) licence. The user is allowed to reproduce, distribute, adapt, translate and publicly perform this publication, without explicit permission, provided that the content is accompanied by an acknowledgement that the source is credited as ‘ESA/DLR/FU Berlin’, a direct link to the licence text is provided and that it is clearly indicated if changes were made to the original content. Adaptation/translation/derivatives must be distributed under the same licence terms as this publication. To view a copy of this license, please visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/igo/

  • Timelapse over Europe

    Timelapse over Europe

    This timelapse video shows two passes over Europe taken by ESA astronaut Alexander Gerst as he flew overhead on the International Space Station at around 400 km altitude.

    The International Space Station travels at 28 800 km/h meaning that it only takes 90 minutes to circle Earth completely. Each orbit the Station moves around 2200 km to the West in relation to 90 minutes before.

    Astronauts often use normal consumer digital cameras to take pictures of Earth through Europe’s observatory module Cupola in their spare time. Setting the camera to take an image every few seconds and then playing the images back quickly create this timelapse effect.

    Alexander worked as a geophysicist and volcanologist before he was chosen as an ESA astronaut in 2009. His Blue Dot mission includes an extensive scientific programme of experiments in physical science, biology, and human physiology as well as radiation research and technology demonstrations. All experiments chosen make use of the out-of-this-world laboratory to improve life on Earth or prepare for further human exploration of our Solar System.

  • Space timelapse over Brazil

    Space timelapse over Brazil

    ESA astronaut Alexander Gerst recorded this timelapse from the International Space Station as it flew over Brazil and the Atlantic Ocean at speeds of 28 800 km/h, 400 km above our planet.

    Read more about the Blue Dot:
    http://www.esa.int/bluedot

    Connect with Alexander Gerst:
    http://alexandergerst.esa.int

  • Space Shuttle Endeavour Over NASA’s Ames Research Center

    Space Shuttle Endeavour Over NASA’s Ames Research Center

    NASA’s 747 Shuttle Carrier Aircraft, carrying space shuttle Endeavour, as it flew over NASA’s Ames Research Center in Mountain Valley, Calif. on Sept. 21.

  • Soaring Over Mars

    Soaring Over Mars

    Images from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter