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🚩 After a string of victories, Charles XII of Sweden decided to take the war to Russia. If successful in reducing Peter the Great’s army, the Swedes would likely take Russian cities of Pskov, Novgorod, and possibly Arkhangelsk. Charles XII would also likely gain control over Courland and Polish Livonia, as well as becoming protector of Poland. In return Poland would receive territories lost to the Russian in the latter half of the 17th century.
📚 Sources: Konstam, Angus Poltava 1709: Russia Comes of Age 17 Oct,1994 Osprey Publishing Englund, Peter The Battle that Shook Europe: Poltava and the Birth of the Russian Empire 15 Apr, 2013 I.B Tauris
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🚩 Khmelnytsky Uprising was a brutal war that lasted nearly a decade (1648 to 1657). Cossack warriors, under Bohdan Khmelnytsky rose against the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, eventually winning their independence. However, this victory gradually led to the incorporation of eastern Ukraine into Russia, as Cossacks swore allegiance to the Tsar in exchange for greater autonomy than they enjoyed under Polish-Lithuanian rule. Ultimately, the war led to the period known as “The Ruin”. The Battle of Zhovti Vody was the first major battle of the Khmelnytsky Uprising.
🚩 Big thanks to Diadokhoi for collaborating with me on this video, check out his channel for more history content: https://www.youtube.com/@diadokhoi5722
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🚩 Charles XII was one of the greatest military leaders in European history. He defeated Denmark, Poland, Saxony and Russia in a series of brilliant campaigns. A skilled tactician, he had a good eye for choosing a battleground and insisted on personal leadership in battle. His strategic talent, however, was much criticized, especially his decision to wage a long war in Poland and his Russian campaign in 1707-1709.
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🚩 Big thanks to History Rhymes for their collaboration on this video: https://www.youtube.com/@historyrhymes1701
📢 Narrated by David McCallion
📝 Written by Jonathan Woody
🎼 Music: EpidemicSound.com Filmstro
📚 Sources: Peter the Great: The Strugle for Power, 1671 – 1725 by Paul Bushkovitch
Chicago / Turabian 16th Edition Citation: Bushkovitch, Paul. Peter the Great : the Struggle for Power, 1671-1725. Cambridge ;: Cambridge University Press, 2001.
Military Actions at Narva in 1700 According to the Memoirs of Swedish Warriors by Sergei A. Chirkin
Charles XII at Narva in autum 1700: Testimonies from his confidants by Sergei A. Chirkin
Chicago / Turabian 16th Edition Citation: Chirkin, Sergei A. “Сharles XII at Narva in Autumn 1700: Testimonies from His Confidants.” Mastatskaya i Muzychnaya Adukatsiya 21, no. 3 (2021): 288–292.
The Battle of Narva: November 29th, 1700 by Richard Cavendish
Swedish Gamble at the Battle of Narva by Eric Niderost (Warfare History Network, November 2013)
🚩 Battle of Obertyn was one in a series of battles led by the famous Jan Tarnowski, and was instrumental in securing the southern Polish border, as well as cementing the fierce reputation of the hussar cavalry and tactics.
🚩 This video was produced in collaboration with Srpske Bitke. Check out their channel and give them the credit that they deserve: https://www.youtube.com/@SrpskeBitke
📢 Narrated by David McCallion
📝 Written by: Jonathan Woody
🎵 Music: EpidemicSound Filmstro
Sources & Citations: Łopatecki, Karol, and Aleksander Boldyrew. “Meanders of the Polish Military Revolution — Standardization of Cavalry Units.” Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta.Seriia 2, Istoriia. 66, no. 2 (2021): 464–489.
Bołdyrew, Aleksander, and Karol Łopatecki. “Volley Fire in Europe in the Mid-16th Century.” Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana., no. 2 (30) (2021): 3–18.
Ciobanu, Mihai Anatolii. “Documente Moldoveneşti Din Vechi Arhive Moscovite.” Analele Putnei., no. 2 (2017): 55–68.
🚩 On June 24th, 1812, the French Emperor Napoleon led 450 thousand men across the Niemen River into Russia, beginning one of the most notorious military disasters in history. Throughout this 6-month campaign, both French and Russian commanders would struggle with forces far greater than any army: politics, logistics and of course, nature.
🚩 Support HistoryMarche on Patreon and for as little as $1 per video you get ad-free early access to our videos: https://www.patreon.com/historymarche
📢 Narrated by David McCallion
🎼 Music: EpidemicSound.com Filmstro
📚 Sources: Chandler D. The Campaigns of Napoleon. Weidenfeld & Nicolson Ltd 1966. Griess T ed. Atlas for the Wars of Napoleon. Avery Publishing Group Inc 1986. Hartley J, Keenan P, Lieven D eds. Russia and the Napoleonic Wars. Palgrave MacMillan 2015. Lieven D. Russia Against Napoleon. Viking 2010. Nafziger G. Napoleon’s Invasion of Russia. Presidio 1988. Black J. The French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars. Rowman & Littlefield 2022. Nester W. Napoleon and the Art of Diplomacy. Savas Beatie 2012. Voelcker T. Admiral Saumarez versus Napoleon. The Boydell Press 2008. Lunde H. A Warrior Dynasty. Casemate 2014. [Charles XII] Marvin Girelli
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🚩 On June 24th, 1812, the French Emperor Napoleon led 450 thousand men across the Niemen River into Russia, beginning one of the most notorious military disasters in history. Throughout this 6-month campaign, both French and Russian commanders would struggle with forces far greater than any army: politics, logistics and of course, nature.
🚩 Support HistoryMarche on Patreon and for as little as $1 per video you get ad-free early access to our videos: https://www.patreon.com/historymarche
📢 Narrated by David McCallion
🎼 Music: EpidemicSound.com Filmstro
📚 Sources: Chandler D. The Campaigns of Napoleon. Weidenfeld & Nicolson Ltd 1966. Griess T ed. Atlas for the Wars of Napoleon. Avery Publishing Group Inc 1986. Hartley J, Keenan P, Lieven D eds. Russia and the Napoleonic Wars. Palgrave MacMillan 2015. Lieven D. Russia Against Napoleon. Viking 2010. Nafziger G. Napoleon’s Invasion of Russia. Presidio 1988. Black J. The French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars. Rowman & Littlefield 2022. Nester W. Napoleon and the Art of Diplomacy. Savas Beatie 2012. Voelcker T. Admiral Saumarez versus Napoleon. The Boydell Press 2008. Lunde H. A Warrior Dynasty. Casemate 2014. [Charles XII] Marvin Girelli
🚩 On 27 September 1605, King Charles IX of Sweden penned the following note in his diary: “Was fought the Battle of Kircholm. There many a brave hero fell due to his craven heart. I was hacked in the head but praise the Lord not hurt. I lost the battle.” With these few words the king summed up what was perhaps the worst defeat in Swedish history. It was even more costly than the far-better-known Battle of Poltava, a little over a century later. And the battle was lost even though the Swedish army was three times as strong as the victorious Polish-Lithuanian army. Enemy casualties were minimal. It was a humiliating defeat.
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🚩 Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is often thought of as a state that only looked powerful on the map at one point in history, but that its destruction was in fact inevitable, as it got devoured by its neighbours over time. However, the Battle of Klushino is an example of one of the greatest triumphs of the Polish cavalry and of excellence and supremacy of the Polish military in the early 17th century, as well as their ability to project power and influence well beyond its borders.
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🚩 Time for some World War I action! I’m happy to share with you the Operation Faustschlag, 1917, a strategic overview of the rapid German advance in the East that overwhelmed Russia. This video was made in collaboration with History Experience
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Battle of Kulikovo, fought near the Don River in 1380, was the first victory for Russian forces over the Mongol Golden Horde since the subjugation by Batu Khan. It demonstrated the developing independence of the Russian lands from Mongol rule (which had been imposed in 1240) and was a giant step for the Duchy of Moscow in its rise to leadership of the Russian people.
