Category: Astronomie

  • ESA Euronews: Leszállni egy üstökösre

    ESA Euronews: Leszállni egy üstökösre

    Az üstökösök évszázadok óta felcsigázták az emberek fantáziáját. Az Európai Űrügynökség Rosetta nevű missziója megkísérel műszereket eljuttatni egy üstökös felszínére.

    Szénből, porból és vízjégből álló égitestek, amelyek a Naphoz közelítve annak fénye miatt csóvát fejlesztenek a maguk mögött húzott törmelékből. Több okból is érdekesek a tudomány számára, de a legizgalmasabb kérdés, hogy van-e közük a földi élet eredetéhez.

    A Space üstökösvadász stábjának első útja Jénába, a türingiai tartományi csillagvizsgálóba vezet. A tudósok itt azon dolgoznak, hogy megállapítsák, mi maradt a darabjaira hullott ISON üstökösből. A gyanú az volt, hogy az égitest megsemmisült, de kérdéses volt, hogy a magnak maradtak-e látható darabkái. Azonban napfelkeltéig a tudósoknak nem sikerült megpillantaniuk az ISON maradványait.

    Mindeközben Svájcban a berni egyetem kutatói vízjégből, folyékony nitrogénből és szénből mesterséges üstököst állítanak elő. Az így elkészült mintával vákuumkamrában kísérleteznek: arra kíváncsiak, milyen folyamatok mennek végbe egy üstökös felszínén.

    Mindezek a kísérletek és megfigyelések csak előkészületek az igazi nagy dobásra: az Európai Űrközpont Rosetta fedőnevű missziója megkísérel műszereket eljuttatni egy üstökös felszínére, és onnan mintákat szállítani.

    Ez azért tölti el lelkesedéssel a tudósokat, mert az utolsó hasonló akció, a NASA Csillagpor (Stardust) nevű küldetése meglepő eredményeket hozott. Akkor egy szondát reptettek át a Halley üstökös csóváján, és az így megszerzett minta glicint, egy fontos, DNS-alkotó aminosavat is tartalmazott. Tehát nem életet, de az élet egyik fontos alkotóelemét – ez pedig felveti az üstökösök szerepét a földi élet kialakulásában.

    – A földi élethez meghatározott típusú, úgynevezett balkezes aminosavak szükségesek. A kémia elő tud állítani bal és jobbekezes aminosavakat is, de az élet ezek közül csak a balkezeseket használja és szeretnénk érteni, hogy miért – magyarázta az Euronews riporterének Hermann Böhnhardt, a Max Planck Intézet kutatója – Nem tudjuk, de szeretnénk tudni, hogy az üstökösökben található aminosavak jobb vagy balkezesek, mert ha balkezesek, akkor ez újabb arra utaló jel, hogy talán az élet, vagy legalábbis annak alkotóelemei az űrből kerültek a Földre.

    A tudományos közösség abban reménykedik, hogy az üstökösöket érintő kérdések sokaságára kapnak választ 2014-ben, ha a Rosetta misszója sikerrel zárul.

  • NASA Sends Out of This World New Year’s Greeting in Times Square

    NASA Sends Out of This World New Year’s Greeting in Times Square

    A New Year’s video greeting from Expedition 36 flight engineer Karen Nyberg, who returned from the International Space Station in November, and from three of the astronauts currently on board the space station: NASA’s Rick Mastracchio and Mike Hopkins, and Koichi Wakata of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency.

  • Mars Express flyby as seen from Phobos (Animation)

    Mars Express flyby as seen from Phobos (Animation)

    On 29 December 2013, ESA’s Mars Express will make the closest flyby yet of the Red Planet’s moon Phobos, skimming past only 45 km above its surface.

    As the spacecraft passes close to Phobos, it will be pulled slightly off course by the moon’s gravity, by a few tens of centimetres. This small deviation will be measured using the spacecraft’s radio signals, and then translated into measurements of gravity, mass and density at different locations on the moon.

    This animation shows the flyby (speeded up) as if you were standing on Phobos, with Mars in the background and Mars Express sweeping out an arc above. Toward the end of the sequence, Mars Express disappears behind Mars and out of sight of Phobos.

    Credit: ESA

  • From Earth to Deep Space: NASA 2013 Highlights

    From Earth to Deep Space: NASA 2013 Highlights

    NASA highlights its accomplishments in air and space for 2013.

  • Phobos 360

    Phobos 360

    The innermost moon of Mars, Phobos, is seen here in full 360 degree glory. The images were taken by the High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) on ESA’s Mars Express at various times throughout the mission’s 10 years.

    The moon’s parallel sets of grooves are perhaps the most striking feature, along with the giant 9 km-wide Stickney impact crater that dominates one face of the 27 x 22 x 18 km moon.

    The origin of the moon’s grooves is a subject of much debate. One idea assumes that the crater chains are associated with impact events on the moon itself.

    Another idea suggests they result from Phobos moving through streams of debris thrown up from impacts 6000 km away on the surface of Mars, with each ‘family’ of grooves corresponding to a different impact event.

    Mars Express has imaged Phobos from a wide range of distances, but will make its closest flyby yet on 29 December 2013, at just 45 km above the moon.

    Although this is too close to take images, gravity experiments will give insight into the interior structure of Phobos.

    Credits: ESA/DLR/FU Berlin (G. Neukum)

  • 2013 What Happened This Year @NASA

    2013 What Happened This Year @NASA

    In 2013, NASA helped transform access to low Earth orbit … even as one of our venerable spacecraft reached the boundaries of the solar system … and we moved ahead on technologies — that will help us carry out an ambitious asteroid mission we announced … and, eventually, move on to Mars.

    Here’s a quick trip back through 2013 for those and some of the other big things that happened This Year at NASA.

  • #WakeUpRosetta — Once upon a time…

    #WakeUpRosetta — Once upon a time…

    …a spacecraft named Rosetta was launched into the sky to uncover mysteries of our Solar System. A long journey lay ahead…

    Enter our #wakeuprosetta contest – add your video to the Facebook page http://www.facebook.com/rosettamission.

    More details and competition rules on http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Rosetta/Wake_up_Rosetta

  • Philae touch down

    Philae touch down

    Visualisation of the deployment of the Philae lander from Rosetta at comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko in November 2014. Rosetta will come to within 2.5 km of the comet’s surface to deploy Philae, which will then take around 2 hours to reach the surface. Because of the comet’s extremely low gravity, a landing gear will absorb the small forces occurring during landing while ice screws in the probe’s feet and a harpoon system will lock the probe to the surface. At the same time a thruster on top of the lander will push it down to counteract the impulse of the harpoon imparted in the opposite direction. Once it is anchored to the comet, the lander will begin its primary science mission, based on its 64-hour initial battery lifetime. Then it will use solar cells to recharge and attempt to operate for several further weeks to months, depending on the activity of the comet and how quickly the solar cells are covered in dust.

    Credits: ESA/ATG medialab

  • Gaia launch replay highlights

    Gaia launch replay highlights

    ESA’s Gaia mission blasted off on 19 December 2013 on a Soyuz rocket from Europe’s Spaceport in Kourou, French Guiana, on its exciting mission to study a billion suns.

    Gaia is destined to create the most accurate map yet of the Milky Way. By making accurate measurements of the positions and motions of 1% of the total population of roughly 100 billion stars, it will answer questions about the origin and evolution of our home Galaxy.

    The Soyuz launcher, operated by Arianespace, lifted off at 09:12 GMT (10:12 CET). About ten minutes later, after separation of the first three stages, the Fregat upper stage ignited, delivering Gaia into a temporary parking orbit at an altitude of 175 km.

    Gaia is now en route towards an orbit around a gravitationally-stable virtual point in space called L2, some 1.5 million kilometres beyond Earth as seen from the Sun.

    This video includes highlights of the launch webcast including lift-off from Kourou, the Soyuz mission, separation of Gaia and the successful entry into orbit.

    Credit:ESA / CNEA / Arianespace

  • Gaia launch – Full replay

    Gaia launch – Full replay

    Watch the full replay of the launch coverage of ESA’s billion-star surveyor Gaia. Liftoff occurred at 09:12UT/10:12CET on 19 December and the successful deployment of Gaia’s sunshield was confirmed approximately 90 minutes later. Gaia is now on its way to L2, where it will study the characteristics of 1 billion stars to create the most precise 3D map of our home galaxy, the Milky Way.

    Credt: ESA / CNES / Arianespace

  • ESA’s Gaia lifts off

    ESA’s Gaia lifts off

    Watch a replay of ESA’s billion-star surveyor Gaia lift off at 09:12UT/10:12CET on 19 December

    Credits: ESA / CNES / Arianespace

  • Gaia: launch to orbit

    Gaia: launch to orbit

    Animation showing Gaia launch and journey to its operating orbit. The animation begins by visualising the launch from Europe’s Spaceport in Kourou, French Guiana, on a Soyuz-STB/Fregat-MT vehicle. The rocket’s four boosters are jettisoned 118 seconds after launch, and the spacecraft fairing is jettisoned after 220 seconds. Following two burns, the Fregat upper stage separates from Gaia 42 minutes after launch. The separation activates an automatic sequence onboard Gaia, including switching on the spacecraft’s transmitters, pressurisation of the propulsion system, initial attitude acquisition and deployment of the sunshield. By then Gaia will be on its transfer orbit from Earth towards L2, a virtual point in space some 1.5 million kilometres ‘behind’ Earth as seen from the Sun. Gaia will take about a month to cruise and manoeuvre into a ‘Lissajous’ orbit around L2. The size of the orbit is typically 340 000 x 90 000 km and takes 180 days. There, Gaia will spin slowly in order to make systematic repeated observations of stars covering the whole sky with its two telescopes. Over its five-year mission, Gaia will monitor the positions, motions, temperatures, luminosities and compositions of a billion stars.

    Credit: ESA–C. Carreau/ATG medialab

  • Inside Gaia’s billion-pixel camera

    Inside Gaia’s billion-pixel camera

    ESA’s Gaia mission will produce an unprecedented 3D map of our Galaxy by mapping, with exquisite precision, the position and motion of a billion stars. The key to this is the billion-pixel camera at the heart of its dual telescope. This animation illustrates how the camera works.

    See http://sci.esa.int/gaia/53281-inside-gaias-billion-pixel-camera/ for a more detailed description.

    Credits: ESA

  • Gaia… mapping one billion stars

    Gaia… mapping one billion stars

    Gaia is ESA’s billion-star surveyor, designed to provide a precise 3D map of our Milky Way galaxy in order to understand its composition, formation and evolution.

  • How Rosetta wakes up from deep space hibernation

    How Rosetta wakes up from deep space hibernation

    Visualisation of how the Rosetta spacecraft wakes up from deep space hibernation, 673 million kilometres from the Sun, on 20 January 2014.

    Prior to entering hibernation on 8 June 2011, Rosetta was oriented so that its solar arrays faced the Sun, and it began rotating once per minute for stability. The only devices left running were its computer and several heaters.

    Rosetta’s computer is programmed to carry out a sequence of events to re-establish contact with the Earth on 20 January, starting with an ‘alarm clock’ at 10:00 GMT. Immediately after, the star trackers begin to warm up. Around 6 hours later the thrusters are fired and the slow rotation stops. A slight adjustment is made to Rosetta’s orientation to ensure that the solar arrays now face the Sun. Then the star trackers switch on to determine its attitude. The spacecraft rotates towards Earth, and the transmitter is switched on. Then Rosetta’s high-gain antenna points to Earth and the signal is sent. The journey takes 45 minutes before the signal is received and mission controllers can begin to check Rosetta’s health, ready for the next phase of the mission.

    The first opportunity for receiving a signal on Earth is between 17:30 GMT and 18:30 GMT.

    Credits: ESA/ATG medialab; music: B. Lynne.

  • #WakeUpRosetta – What do YOU do at 10am?

    #WakeUpRosetta – What do YOU do at 10am?

    #WakeUpRosetta – What do you do Mondays at 10 am? At 10:00 UTC on 20 January 2014, ESA’s comet-chasing Rosetta spacecraft will wake up from 31 months in deep-space hibernation. Save the date and join the adventure. More info at www.esa.int/rosetta.

  • Mars 360: the north pole

    Mars 360: the north pole

    Enjoy views of the martian north pole from all angles in this new animation from ESA’s Mars Express.

    The ice cap has a diameter of about 1000 km and consists of many thin layers of ice mixed with dust that extend to a depth of around 2 km below the cap. The prominent gap in the ice cap is a 318 km-long, 2 km-deep chasm called Chasma Boreale.

    The layers result from variations in the orbit and rotation of Mars that affect the amount of sunlight received at the poles, and thus the amount of melting and deposition of materials over time. Meanwhile, strong prevailing winds are thought to be responsible for shaping the spiral troughs.

    The polar ice cap in this movie was constructed using data provided by the Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionospheric Sounding instrument, MARSIS.

    Low-frequency radio waves beamed towards the surface are reflected back to Mars Express from the planet’s surface and from interfaces between layers of different materials underground.

    The strength and timing of the radar echoes are a gauge of the depths of different types of interfaces, such as between rock, water or ice. This information can then be translated into 3D views, as seen in this movie.

    Credit: ESA/ASI/NASA/JPL/La Sapienza University/INAF (A. Frigeri)

  • ISON update on This Week @NASA

    ISON update on This Week @NASA

    With a more than ninety percent probability that Comet ISON broke apart from a major heating event on its approach to the sun Thanksgiving Day, the search is on for what’s left of it. NASA will use a variety of space and Earth based telescopes to monitor the comet over the next several weeks, before the fate of ISON can be confirmed. Also, Orion’s heat shield, Blue Origin milestone, Rover Challenge, Stone awarded medal and Celebrating Centaur.

  • ESA Business Incubation Centre Harwell

    ESA Business Incubation Centre Harwell

    Innovation through space, now in the UK – check out the ESA BIC Harwell. The ESA Business Incubation Centre – ESA BIC Harwell, is located in the UK, and is managed by the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC).

    ESA BIC Harwell provides a unique opportunity to access world class scientific facilities and research including that of the Diamond Light Source and STFC’s Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL) — home to its internationally renowned space science department RAL Space, the world’s most powerful pulsed neutron source ISIS and the Central Laser Facility.

    The BIC is also the location of the UK ESA Centre and the International Space Innovation Centre (ISIC), which brings together the best of the British space sector, industry and academia in collaboration with international partners.

    http://www.esa.int/bic

  • Google+ Hangout with NASA’s Cassini Solstice Mission to Saturn

    Google+ Hangout with NASA’s Cassini Solstice Mission to Saturn

    NASA hosted a Google+ Hangout to discuss extraordinary new images of Saturn taken by the Cassini spacecraft. Participants in the hangout learned what’s ahead in the next few years of the Cassini mission from panelists Kunio Sayanagi, Cassini imaging team associate, Hampton University, VA., Carolyn Porco, Cassini imaging team lead, Space Science Institute, Boulder, CO., Linda Spilker, Cassini project scientist, NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA., and Earl Maize, Cassini program manager, NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA.

  • ESA Euronews: Űrkadétok

    ESA Euronews: Űrkadétok

    Íme az űrkadétok: három fiatal mérnök, akiknek a munkája a szó szoros értelmében földönkívüli élményt jelent. A szakértők olyan új generációjáról van szó, akiknek az űrutazásról szóló álmaikat sikerült kézzelfogható karrierre váltaniuk.

  • There and back again: Luca Parmitano at the ISS

    There and back again: Luca Parmitano at the ISS

    A reflection on ESA astronaut Luca Parmitano’s five-month mission to the International Space Station between May and November 2013.

  • #WakeUpRosetta – Save the date

    #WakeUpRosetta – Save the date

    #WakeUpRosetta – Save the date. At 10:00 UTC on 20 January 2014, ESA’s comet-chasing Rosetta spacecraft will wake up from 31 months in deep-space hibernation. Save the date and join the adventure. More info at www.esa.int/rosetta.

    #WakeUpRosetta

  • ISON vs the Sun

    ISON vs the Sun

    The ESA/NASA SOHO satellite watched as Comet ISON made its closest approach to the Sun on 28 November, at a distance of around 1.2 million kilometres from the Sun’s visible surface. Did it survive? Early reports suggested that only the comet’s tail continued to follow along ISON’s orbit. Further observations will reveal if a chunk of the comet’s nucleus survived.
    See the latest images: http://soho.esac.esa.int/hotshots/index.html/

    Credit: SOHO (ESA & NASA)

  • ISON inbound

    ISON inbound

    Comet ISON on the approach to the Sun. It entered the SOHO LASCO C3 field of view at 01:41 UT on 27 November. This video covers over 24 hours of the journey so far. Will ISON survive its closest approach with the Sun? Stay tuned: http://soho.esac.esa.int/hotshots/index.html/

    Credit: SOHO (ESA & NASA)

  • Paxi experimenting in the ZARM Drop Tower

    Paxi experimenting in the ZARM Drop Tower

    Paxi free falling in the ZARM Drop Tower and experimenting with weightlessness during 4.7 seconds.

    Credit: ZARM

  • MAVEN is on the way on This Week @NASA

    MAVEN is on the way on This Week @NASA

    The Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN, or MAVEN spacecraft launched from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida on a 10-month journey to Mars. MAVEN will take critical measurements of the Martian upper atmosphere to investigate how loss of the atmosphere to space impacted the history of water on the planet’s surface. Also, Happy anniversary, ISS!, Asteroid Ideas, LADEE in science orbit, Orion progress, Rocket autopilot test, Commercial crew, and more!

  • Magnetic field: why it matters

    Magnetic field: why it matters

    Earth’s magnetic field is continuously changing. Magnetic north wanders, and every few hundred thousand years the polarity gradually flips, so that a compass would point south instead of north.

    This is the second of three videos:
    Magnetic field: an introduction: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P7nhgX0ppek />Magnetic field: why it matters
    Magnetic field: learning more with Swarm
    http://youtu.be/Wn-BV9Zp8Pk

  • ESA Euronews: The real-life space cadets: Abbie, Marc and Maria

    ESA Euronews: The real-life space cadets: Abbie, Marc and Maria

    Meet the space cadets, three young engineers with enviable jobs that are quite literally out of this world. This edition of Space focuses on three professionals who’ve turned their dreams of working in space into real down-to- Earth careers.

    In the UK, 26-year-old Abbie Hutty, a spacecraft structures engineer at Astrium, is a proud member of the ExoMars team. She is developing the structure of the mission’s rover, ensuring that the actual body of the vehicle and other components are all structurally strong enough to withstand the launch from Earth, and landing on Mars.

    Twenty-seven-year-old Marc Costa Sitjà, Science Operations Engineer at the European Space Agency, uses the huge antenna at Cebreros, west of Madrid, to ‘drive’ ESA’s Venus Express spacecraft around the planet. Every day he sends commands and receives data to and from the spacecraft from the agency’s ESAC facility near the Spanish capital.

    Maria Komu, a 27-year-old researcher at the Finnish Meteorological Institute, works on Finnish mini satellite Aalto-1, and has a hands-on role developing a weather instrument for ESA’s ExoMars EDM mission.

    Space is a childhood dream turned reality for all three. For Abbie the realisation that space wasn’t just science fiction came when she was still at school and she heard of the Beagle 2 mission to Mars, a lander that was developed in the UK by British engineers. Maria tells the story of a book about a school visit around the solar system that enchanted her as a young girl. Meanwhile Marc cites a vivid blue image of Venus as an inspiration to his career.

    Abbie, Marc and Maria are all educated to masters level, while Maria continues studying towards a doctorate. They’re on the first steps of the career ladder, and that means plenty of learning ‘on-the-job’. Maria had to master soldering, programming, and testing, Marc developed his skills by creating software that helped a mission to better fulfill its purpose, while Abbie had to understand better the behaviour of particular materials in the cold vacuum of space.

    The excitement of working in space is summed up by Abbie: “I think the space industry is quite a privileged industry to work in, because whilst you are still managing projects and meeting schedules and deadlines, and creating a product, at the end of the day that requires a certain amount of processes down on it, you can also come down to the clean rooms and look through the window and see your part of a spaceship, and think ‘that’s going to Mars, and I did that bit’, and you don’t get that anywhere else.”

  • ESA Euronews: Δουλεύοντας στο διάστημα… από τη Γη

    ESA Euronews: Δουλεύοντας στο διάστημα… από τη Γη

    Η Μαρία, ο Μαρκ και η Άμπι είναι τρεις νέοι μηχανικοί κι έχουν τρεις διαφορετικές ιστορίες, αλλά με ένα κοινό γνώρισμα. Η δουλειά τους είναι στη Γη, αλλά φεύγει από τα όριά της. Και οι τρεις πραγματοποίησαν το όνειρό τους: δουλεύουν στη διαστημική βιομηχανία. Και δηλώνουν ευτυχισμένοι γι’αυτό.

    Λίγο μετά τα είκοσί τους χρόνια, ήδη έχουν σημαντικές ευθύνες.

    Η Μαρία εργάζεται σε έναν φινλανδικό μίνι δορυφόρο και σε εργαλεία πρόγνωσης καιρού για την αποστολή ExoMars της ESA. Η Άμπι αναπτύσσει τη δομή του οχήματος της αποστολής. Ο Μαρκ σχεδιάζει τις επιχειρήσεις του δορυφόρου Venus Express της ESA.

    Η Άμπι και ο Μαρκ έχουν μεταπτυχιακές σπουδές, ενώ η Μαρία είναι υποψήφια διδάκτωρ. Και οι τρεις λένε πως εμπνεύστηκαν από την ιδέα της εξερεύνησης του ηλιακού μας συστήματος.

    Πλοήγηση δορυφόρων, κατασκευή διαστημικών οχημάτων και μετεωρολογικών σταθμών για τον Άρη. Όλα αυτά απαιτούν δεξιότητες, γνώση και αφοσίωση.

    Δυσκολίες υπάρχουν σίγουρα. Όμως κανείς εκ των τριών δεν χάνει από το βλέμμα του τη μοναδική φύση μιας καριέρας στο διάστημα.

  • ESA Euronews: La nouvelle génération de l’espace

    ESA Euronews: La nouvelle génération de l’espace

    L’espace fascine bon nombre d’entre nous, mais bien peu ont la chance de travailler dans le domaine de la recherche spatiale. Nous avons rencontré trois jeunes ingénieurs qui ont entamé une carrière, la tête dans les étoiles et les pieds sur Terre.

    A Helsinki, Maria Komu nous fait découvrir son lieu de travail : l’Institut météorologique finlandais qui dispose d’un laboratoire spatial. “Il y a à peine cinq ans, mon plus grand rêve, c’était simplement de pouvoir toucher quelque chose qui allait dans l’espace,” nous confie la jeune femme. “Aujourd’hui, je conçois des instruments qui vont dans l’espace, c’est incroyable !” s’enthousiasme-t-elle. Maria travaille sur un mini-satellite et des instruments météo pour le démonstrateur EDM de la mission ExoMars de l’Agence spatiale européenne (ESA).

    Au nord de Londres, découvrons à présent, l’univers d’Abbie Hutty, ingénieur spatial structures chez Astrium. Son travail qui d’ailleurs, la passionne : s’assurer que “le corps du rover ExoMars est assez solide pour pouvoir supporter notamment le lancement, l’arrivée au sol et l’entrée dans l’atmosphère,” nous explique-t-elle.

    En Espagne, à Cebreros, près de Madrid, Marc Costa Sitjà nous présente l’antenne à gain élevé qui permet à son équipe de communiquer avec le satellite Venus Express (ESA) pour gérer son pilotage. La parabole permet aux scientifiques d’envoyer des ordres de commande à l’engin et de recevoir des données en sa provenance comme une image de Vénus unique qu’ils ont réussi à constituer à partir de toute une série d’observations.

    Nos trois jeunes ingénieurs ont choisi ces métiers pour explorer notre système solaire et peut-être éclaircir ses mystères. Une motivation qui les anime parfois depuis l’enfance. Chacun reconnaît avoir de la chance de mener une vie professionnelle dans un secteur qui les fascine. La Finlandaise Maria Komu aimerait poursuivre son rêve éveillé en visitant “d’immenses chambres à vide et peut-être des simulateurs solaires :c’est ce que je préfèrerais,” nous lance-t-elle avant de conclure : “et bien sûr, si je pouvais assister en vrai au lancement d’une fusée, ce serait vraiment cool !”

  • MAVEN is on the way on This Week @NASA

    MAVEN is on the way on This Week @NASA

    The Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN, or MAVEN spacecraft launched from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida on a 10-month journey to Mars. MAVEN will take critical measurements of the Martian upper atmosphere to investigate how loss of the atmosphere to space impacted the history of water on the planet’s surface. Also, Happy anniversary, ISS!, Asteroid Ideas, LADEE in science orbit, Orion progress, Rocket autopilot test, Commercial crew, and more!

  • Guide to our Galaxy

    Guide to our Galaxy

    This virtual journey shows the different components that make up our home galaxy, the Milky Way, which contains about a hundred billion stars.

    It starts at the black hole at the centre of the Milky Way and with the stars that orbit around it, before zooming out through the central Galactic Bulge, which hosts about ten billion stars.

    The journey continues through a younger population of stars in the stellar disc, home to most of the Milky Way’s stars, and which is embedded in a slightly larger gaseous disc. Stars in the disc are arranged in a spiral arm pattern and orbit the centre of the Galaxy.

    The discs and bulge are embedded in the stellar halo, a spherical structure that consists of a large number of globular clusters — the oldest population of stars in the Galaxy — as well as many isolated stars. An even larger halo of invisible dark matter is inferred by its gravitational effect on the motions of stars in the Galaxy.

    Looking at a face-on view of the Galaxy we see the position of our Sun, located at a distance of about 26 000 light-years from the Galactic Centre.

    Finally, the extent of the stellar survey conducted by ESA’s Hipparcos mission is shown, which surveyed more than 100 000 stars up to 300 light-years away from the Sun. In comparison, ESA’s Gaia survey will study one billion stars out to 30 000 light-years away.

  • 3D virtual spacewalk outside the International Space Station

    3D virtual spacewalk outside the International Space Station

    Get an idea of what it feels like to see the International Space Station from the outside, as an astronaut on a spacewalk. Put your 3D glasses on to appreciate the size of humankind’s orbital laboratory and watch a Soyuz spacecraft undock and a docking with ESA’s supply spacecraft Automated Transfer Vehicle.

  • 3D virtual tour of the International Space Station

    3D virtual tour of the International Space Station

    Put your 3D glasses on for this virtual visit of the International Space Station’s modules. Float through the space laboratories and connecting modules from the perspective of an astronaut.

  • Swarm: Understanding our life saver

    Swarm: Understanding our life saver

    Earth’s magnetic field is our life saver, protecting us from the energetic solar wind. The Swarm satellites will measure Earth’s magnetic field to allow us to understand it for a safer future.

  • MAVEN Update on This Week @NASA

    MAVEN Update on This Week @NASA

    The MAVEN spacecraft is the latest NASA probe designed to help piece together a complete picture of The Red Planet’s past. MAVEN’s piece of the puzzle — to understand what happened to Mars’ upper atmosphere. Following its launch from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station — MAVEN is scheduled to reach Mars in September 2014. Also, Getting to deep space, A stunning new view of Saturn, Commercial success, Earth science satellite, Antarctica campaign, Tail wing technology and more!

  • Earth from Space: Hottest place on Earth

    Earth from Space: Hottest place on Earth

    Earth from Space is presented by Kelsea Brennan-Wessels from the ESA Web-TV virtual studios. The eighty-fourth edition features an Envisat image of the Dasht-e Lut salt desert in southeast Iran.

    See also http://spaceinimages.esa.int/Images/2013/11/Dasht-e_Lut_salt_desert_Iran to download the image.

  • NASA News Conference on Completion of COTS Program

    NASA News Conference on Completion of COTS Program

    NASA Administrator Charles Bolden discusses the success of the agency’s Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS) initiative during a televised news briefing at NASA Headquarters. Through COTS, NASA’s partners Space Exploration Technologies Corp. (SpaceX) and Orbital Sciences Corp., developed new U.S. rockets and spacecraft, launched from U.S. soil, capable of transporting cargo to low-Earth orbit and the International Space Station. A successful Orbital Sciences demonstration mission to the space station was completed in October, signifying the end of COTS development. SpaceX made its first trip to the space station in May 2012 and completed its COTS partnership with NASA the same year. The agency now contracts space station cargo resupply missions with both companies.

    The briefing participants were:

    — Charles Bolden, NASA Administrator
    — Alan Lindenmoyer, Manager of Commercial Crew and Cargo Program, NASA
    — Gwynne Shotwell, President, SpaceX
    — Frank Culbertson, Executive Vice President and General Manager, Orbital Sciences Advanced Programs Group
    — Frank Slazer, Vice President of Space Systems, Aerospace Industries Association
    — Phil McAlister, Director of Commercial Spaceflight Development, NASA

  • Soyuz undocking, reentry and landing explained

    Soyuz undocking, reentry and landing explained

    How does an astronaut return to Earth from the International Space Station? What does it feel like to re-enter the atmosphere? How does the Soyuz capsule function? Watch and find out. This video is based on an actual lesson delivered to the ESA astronaut class of 2009 (also known as the #Shenanigans09) during their ESA Basic Training. It features interviews with astronauts who have flown on the Soyuz and dramatic footage of actual landings.

    Produced by the ESA Human Spaceflight and Operations (HSO) Astronaut Training Division, Cologne, Germany, in collaboration with the HSO Strategic Planning and Outreach Office, Noordwijk, The Netherlands, with special support from Roskosmos.

    Narration Voice: Bernard Oattes

    Technical Experts: Stephane Ghiste, Dmitriy Churkin (HSO-UT)

    Content Design: Stephane Ghiste, Dmitriy Churkin, Raffaele Castellano, Matthew Day (HSO-UT)

    Animation & Video Editing: Raffaele Castellano (HSO-UT), HSO-K

    Project Coordination: Matthew Day, Stephane Ghiste, Dmitriy Churkin (HSO-UT)

    Special thanks to:
    Martin Schweiger (Orbiter software: http://orbit/medphys.ucl.ac.uk/)
    Nikita Vtyurin, Andrew Thielmann (Orbiter Soyuz model)
    Lionel Ferra (HSO-UT)
    Oleg Polovnikov (HSO-UT)
    Frank De Winne (HSO-A)
    Paolo Nespoli (HSO-A)
    Antonio Rodenas Bosque (HSO-UT)
    NASA
    ROSCOSMOS
    S.P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia
    Aerospace Search and Rescue Service of the Russian Federation

    Parachute footage: Cambridge University Spaceflight

    Surfer footage: copyright Red Bull Media House

    Footage from inside Soyuz capsule courtesy of RSC Energia has limited rights:

    a) These data are submitted with Limited Rights under Agreement among the Government of Canada, Governments of Member States of the European Space Agency, the Government of Japan, the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the United States of America concerning co-operation on the civil International Space Station.

    These data may be used by the receiving co-operating agency and its contractors and subcontractors, provided that such data shall be used, duplicated or disclosed only for the following purposes, which are related to the Cooperating Agency Space Station Program for ISS:
    1) Use for ESA astronaut training
    2) Use for educational purposes
    These data shall not be used by persons or entities other than the receiving Cooperating Agency, its contractors or subcontractors, or for any other purposes, without the prior written permission of the furnishing partner state, acting through its cooperating agency.

    b) This notice shall be marked on any reproduction of these data in whole or part.

    Also watch:
    Journey to the ISS Part 1: The launch sequence explained
    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AVvgpKt5uCA

    Watch Part 2: Soyuz rendezvous and docking explained
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M2_NeFbFcSw

    Captions available in English, French, German, Italian, Russian, Romanian (with thanks to Alexa Mirel) and Spanish. Click on the CC button to switch between languages.